USA Company Incorporation

The United States offers Indian entrepreneurs a credible, investor-friendly base with access to the world’s largest consumer market, US banking, and global payment processors. Companies are formed at the state level, with 100% foreign ownership allowed and no residency requirement. You can choose a flexible LLC for an owner-managed business or a C-Corporation (the structure US venture capital expects) in a state such as Delaware or Wyoming. All you need is a US registered agent and an EIN from the IRS. Samkhya handles the formation, the registered agent, and the EIN end to end.

Setting Up a US Company: A Detailed Guide

US companies are formed at the state level, not federally, by filing with a Secretary of State. The two main structures are the LLC (flexible, with pass-through taxation by default, ideal for small and owner-managed businesses) and the C-Corporation (a separate taxpayer, required for raising US venture capital and for an eventual IPO). The choice of state matters: Delaware is the gold standard for startups and investors thanks to its Court of Chancery and settled case law; Wyoming is popular for low cost and privacy; or you can form in the state where you actually operate. Foreign founders can own 100% with no citizenship or residency requirement, but every company needs a US registered agent with an address in the state of formation and an EIN (Employer Identification Number) from the IRS for banking and tax.

Advantages of a US Company

A US company offers powerful advantages:

  • 100% Foreign Ownership: No citizenship or residency requirement; non-residents can own and run a US LLC or C-Corp.
  • Access to the US Market: A US entity adds credibility with American customers, suppliers, and enterprise clients.
  • Banking and Payments: Opens the door to US banking and payment processors such as Stripe, PayPal, and Square, subject to KYC.
  • Venture Capital Ready: A Delaware C-Corp is the structure US investors expect and the standard route to raising venture capital.
  • Limited Liability: Owners’ personal assets are protected, with liability limited to the capital invested.
  • Flexible Structures: Choose an LLC for simplicity and pass-through tax, or a C-Corp for investment and reinvested profits.

Considerations and Limitations

A US company also has points to plan for:

  • Banking Is Not Automatic: US banks apply strict KYC and AML checks, and non-residents are often asked for extensive documentation.
  • Federal and State Filings: A C-Corp pays 21% federal tax and files Form 1120; foreign-owned LLCs file Form 5472, and states levy their own taxes and franchise fees.
  • Dividend Withholding: A 30% US withholding tax applies on dividends to foreign shareholders, reduced where a treaty such as the India-US treaty applies.
  • Registered Agent Required: Every state requires a registered agent and address to keep the company in good standing.
  • Foreign Qualification: Operating in a state other than the one you formed in generally requires registering (foreign qualification) there.
  • Home-Country Tax: Indian founders must consider Indian tax and FEMA or LRS implications of owning and funding a foreign company.

Minimum Requirements for Incorporation

To form a US company, you generally need:

  • Entity Type: A choice between an LLC and a C-Corporation based on your goals.
  • State of Formation: A chosen state such as Delaware, Wyoming, or your state of operation.
  • Company Name: A unique name that complies with the chosen state’s naming rules.
  • Registered Agent: A registered agent with a physical address in the state of formation.
  • Owners and Directors: At least one member (LLC) or one shareholder and director (C-Corp), who can be fully foreign and resident abroad.
  • EIN: An Employer Identification Number from the IRS for banking and tax.

Eligibility Criteria

The US is open to foreign founders:

  • Indian nationals and other foreign investors can own 100% of a US LLC or C-Corporation.
  • There is no requirement for any owner or director to be a US citizen or resident.
  • Both individuals and companies can be owners, allowing subsidiary and holding structures.
  • There is no minimum capital requirement to form an LLC or a C-Corp.
  • A US registered agent and registered address in the state of formation are required.

State Authorities and the Formation Process

US companies are registered by the Secretary of State (or equivalent office) of the chosen state, not by a federal body. The process is broadly the same in each state: choose the entity type and state, clear and reserve the company name, appoint a registered agent, file the formation document (Articles of Organization for an LLC or a Certificate of Incorporation for a C-Corp), and adopt the internal governance document (an Operating Agreement for an LLC or Bylaws for a C-Corp). The company then applies to the IRS for an EIN, which is needed to open a US bank account and to file taxes. Delaware filings are handled by the Delaware Division of Corporations, while Wyoming and other states use their own Secretary of State portals.

Documents Required

For Owners and Directors:

  • Passport copies of all members, shareholders, and directors, with a passport-size photograph.
  • Proof of address and the prescribed KYC documents.
  • Details for the EIN application (Form SS-4).

For the Company:

  • The proposed company name and the chosen state of formation.
  • The formation document (Articles of Organization or Certificate of Incorporation) and registered agent details.
  • The internal governance document (Operating Agreement or Bylaws).

US Company Formation Process

US company formation follows a clear sequence:

  1. Choose the entity type (LLC or C-Corp) and the state of formation.
  2. Clear and reserve the company name under the state’s naming rules.
  3. Appoint a registered agent with an address in that state.
  4. File the formation document with the Secretary of State and receive the stamped certificate.
  5. Adopt the Operating Agreement or Bylaws and issue membership interests or shares.
  6. Obtain an EIN from the IRS for banking and tax.
  7. Open a US bank account and set up payment processing, subject to KYC.
  8. Complete state registrations and foreign qualification where you operate.

Set up your US Company with Samkhya

Setting up your US company with Samkhya Corporate Services is simple. Just follow these easy steps:

  • Tell us your plan: Share your activity, target market, and whether you need an LLC or a C-Corp.
  • Choose the state: We help you compare Delaware, Wyoming, and your state of operation for cost and fit.
  • Fill the form: Complete our online form and upload passports and KYC documents.

From there, our team coordinates the registered agent, state filing, EIN, and bank-account introduction.

Ongoing Compliance in the US

A US company must keep up with federal and state compliance:

  • Annual Report and Franchise Tax: Most states require an annual report and franchise tax, such as Delaware’s USD 300 annual LLC franchise tax.
  • Federal Tax Returns: A C-Corp files Form 1120 and pays 21% federal corporate tax; LLCs file according to their tax classification.
  • Form 5472: A foreign-owned single-member LLC files Form 5472 with a pro forma Form 1120 each year where reportable transactions occur, even with no income.
  • Registered Agent: Maintain a registered agent and address in the state of formation.
  • State and Sales Tax: Meet state income tax and sales-tax (economic nexus) obligations where they arise.
  • BOI Reporting: Under FinCEN’s March 2025 interim rule, US-formed entities and their owners are currently exempt from beneficial-ownership (BOI) reporting; only foreign companies registering in a US state report. A final rule is expected, so the position should be monitored.

Tax in the US

A US C-Corporation is a US taxpayer subject to 21% federal corporate income tax on its worldwide income, filed on Form 1120; individual states then levy their own corporate taxes and annual franchise fees (Delaware charges no state income tax on income earned outside the state but levies a USD 300 annual LLC franchise tax). When a C-Corp pays dividends to foreign shareholders, a 30% US withholding tax applies, reduced under an applicable treaty such as the India-US tax treaty. An LLC is taxed by default as a pass-through entity, so its profits flow to the owners, but a foreign-owned LLC still has US filing duties including Form 5472, and income effectively connected to a US trade or business is taxable in the US. There is no nationwide VAT; instead, individual states levy sales tax. Indian founders should also review Indian tax and FEMA implications of owning and funding the US entity.

Business Structure Comparison Table

Feature LLC C-Corporation
Taxation Pass-through by default. Separate taxpayer at 21% federal.
Best For Small and owner-managed businesses. Startups raising US venture capital.
Federal Filing Form 5472 + pro forma 1120 (foreign-owned). Form 1120.
Ownership Members; 100% foreign allowed. Shareholders; 100% foreign allowed.
Raising VC Rarely suitable for US VCs. Standard and expected by US VCs.
Distributions Profits pass to members directly. Dividends taxed; 30% withholding (treaty-reduced).
Going Public Not suitable for an IPO. Can list and IPO.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can a foreigner own a US company?

Yes. There is no residency or citizenship requirement to own a US LLC or C-Corporation. Non-residents can own 100% and run it from abroad, with a US registered agent and an EIN.

LLC or C-Corp, which is better?

An LLC suits small, owner-managed businesses and offers pass-through tax, while a Delaware C-Corp is the standard choice for raising US venture capital or eventually going public.

Which state should I form in?

Delaware is the gold standard for startups and investors, Wyoming is popular for low cost and privacy, and forming in your state of operation can be simplest for a local business.

How much is US corporate tax?

A C-Corporation pays 21% federal corporate tax plus any state tax, and a 30% withholding (treaty-reduced) applies on dividends to foreign shareholders. LLCs are taxed as pass-through by default.

Do I have to file a BOI report?

Under FinCEN’s March 2025 interim rule, US-formed entities and their owners are currently exempt from beneficial-ownership reporting; only foreign companies registering in a US state must report. A final rule is expected, so monitor the position.

Is it hard to open a US bank account?

Banks apply strict KYC checks, so non-residents should expect to provide detailed documentation. Many founders use US fintech and payment platforms alongside or instead of a traditional bank.